Communication Styles: Low-context Westerners vs. High-context Chinese

This article defines and explores communication stylesBeijing said. Some ethnic Chinese in Canada made
as they pertain to Chinese culture. Perhaps one of thesimilar complaints about the distrust they perceived
most difficult aspects of Chinese culture for peoplefrom Canadian companies `We thought it was a
new to China to grasp is the vast difference inwonderful idea, but the Canadian company was very
communication styles. Understanding how the Chinesesuspicious of what we said`. The Canadian manager
communicate with one another, and with foreigners, islater revealed that `the evidence (they) produced did
crucial to understanding Chinese people.not seem to be convincing enough.`
Some Chinese have complained about difficultiesFrom the point of view of a low-context person, such
communicating with foreigners new to China, perhapsas a Westerner, the recommendation made by a high
still participating in their TESOL Course, and that theircontext person, such as a Chinese person, may not
recommendations and suggestions are often ignoredregister as a recommendation. It might be barely a
by foreigners. This seems to have something to docomment because it is not backed up by supporting
with the different communication patterns used byevidence.
Chinese and Westerners.Therefore, to communicate effectively with a high
While the Chinese often use high context patterns,context person, foreigners, after completing their
Westerners are more inclined to use low contextTESOL Course, have to encourage the high-context
patterns. A typical Chinese way of making aperson to elaborate his/her idea further and to provide
suggestion is through less formal conversations. Onethe reasons behind the thinking. To communicate
suggestion might be `I think it is going to be better if weeffectively with a low context person, a high context
do it this way.` Often the Chinese are unwilling to shareperson has to be prepared to answer questions and
the rest of information which they may or may notinquiries.
have. Some reasons may be because the informationBetter yet, a high context person needs to be more
or tip came from personal connections, or Guanxi,explicit about the process as well as the conclusion
which the Chinese person has. Another reason mayand result. One Chinese manager learned that
be that they don`t want to cause anyone to lose face.essentially, this is the only way to deal with low context
A Westerner may want to explore further by askingNorth American managers: `the only way to deal with
the Chinese person to provide supporting evidence, butthis frustration is to collect more information and try to
the Chinese may be embarrassed and annoyed byconvince the foreign manager again`.
such questioning because it could be interpreted asIn addition, guanxi and relationships with Chinese help to
distrust. `It is frustrating when we see opportunities anderase psychological distance the Chinese have with
make suggestions to our American managers andforeigners and help the Chinese become more straight
they decide to ignore them so that the opportunity isforward with foreigners.
lost,` a Chinese manager in a Sino-US joint venture in