Using Local Literatures and Translations to Teach English

USING LOCAL LITERATURES IN ENGLISH ORassociated with Lord Shiva with the objective of
TRANSLATIONS FOR TEACHING ENGLISHteaching English, he found this is really a rewarding
 experience to himself too. According to the legend,
Professor Dr.S.Elangovan,P.T.Lee ChengalvarayaLord Shiva offered to judge the superior between
Naicker Engineering College,Brahma, the God of creation and Vishnu , the God for
               Oovery. Kanchipuram, TamilProtection. Lord Shiva gave them sort of test to pass
Nadu State, India.out. Suddenly Shiva took gigantic proportion and his
 e.mail:                         head went   beyond the sky and feet penetrating
mobile:+9500687897the earth. Brahma had to touch the plaited hair of Lord
    27- 07 - 2009Shiva and Vishnu had to feel  Shiva's Lotus feet. In
Introductionthe Process Brahma assumed the form of a swan
1. This study aims at elucidating the universaland searched  Lord Shiva's matted hair. When the
phenomenon that native literatures and translations canflying got tough, Brahma asked the cactus flower,
be beneficially and effectively used as a launching padwhich was then falling from Shiva's hair, to lie to Shiva
to learn a foreign language like English. The source ofthat he had touched his hair .  When the cactus
inspiration is the ardent students, willing to learn moreflower lied to the Omniscient Shiva, he became angry
and  more English but hailing  from   rusticand first Changed   himself into a massive column of
surroundings in  Tamil Nadu, India  who have Englishfire and later to Mount Arunachala. People even now
as their second language. The primary objective ofcircum ambulate this Holy Mountain Arunachala. Earlier
any language is to serve as a vehicle of thoughts andVishnu masqueraded as a wild- boar, dug the earth in
ideas. When this is best served during the teaching ofhis pursuit of the Lotus feet, but finally admitted his
English through native literature and translations it canfruitless endeavour to Lord Shiva and bowed down in
expediently be adopted in class room situations.all his belated humbleness Lord Shiva blessed him with
Our students feel   very much   at home with ouras many temples as there are for Lord Shiva. 
own native literature. More over it is familiar to them.In my venture to teach English to my students with the
When the same native literature is used in the teachingabove reference from the Local literature, the first
of a foreign language like English, the task is muchthing students learn is enriching their vocabulary with
easier. I tried this method to develop communicationnew words such as “ gigantic, penetrating, matted-
skills and  to enrich  their vocabulary among studentshair, plaited -hair, assumed, Omniscient, massive ,
and found to be very effective.endeavour and circumambulation “ etc. 
What is already known to students may be takenWhen I planned to use this legend for English Teaching,
readily  to teach English in an Understandable way.invariably I had to include new vocabulary at the same
Interesting and funny stories ,  anecdotes may betime in such a way as it will be easily digestible by the
expediently taken to make English teaching interesting.students. In the process I found and used more and
Jokes from native language also will serve themore new words but in a slight dose.
purpose. Word punning will not work in bilingualDo learners associate positively when the teacher
situations. Very rarely brilliant teachers find opportunitiesuses native literature and Translations in class?
in this realm also. Yes. Many of our students  who are in a quite
Personal Experiences of this English Teacher: precarious situation, have their own wishes to pursue -
 The theme of   one of the  original Tamil literatureto leave and start  new lives in Greener Pastures like
works  insists   to “search  not only food butAmerica, Singapore etc. These are their dreams and
also God”.  It says in  Tamil  verbatim “they are preparing displaying these aspirations  partly
Besides searching food, search God too ”. Whenby studying English. Such students are self-motivated
teaching this maxim, this English teacher used the punand even small encouragement from teacher's side will
of the Tamil word “ Irai “  (which interestinglywork wonders.
mean both food and God in Chaste  Tamil) which inKnowledge of native literature is a path- laid in
turn in English also  both mean “Prey” andadvance: 
“Pray” (of course pronunciation wise same). In Aspiring students enthusiastic to learn English are
the class this application   had tremendous effect.already familiar to some extent with their native
When we teach English through Local literature, weliterature and translations of other literatures into their
create a sort of homely atmosphere at the same timefirst language. This condition is like a road laid f or the
to prepare themselves  with a smooth transition for apassage of traffic. Now Riding or driving the English
foreign language. This process works slowly butvehicle is comparatively a smooth affair.
sometimes instantly with desired results but steadily.Local- Literature serves as a bridge connecting mother
Local literature is taught from tender age onwards totongue and English 
children in any country. So it is well entrenched in their They say 'the giver adds value to the gift'  Same
minds if used in learning English. way if the teaching of English is given through local
Local food served in Foreign Plates. literature then it must be interesting and enjoyable
Teaching English through the use of Local Literature isexperience to the students. 
akin to serving local and customized food throughNative bodies in exotic outfits :  
foreign plates. When a difficult- to – swallow pill isLearning and teaching a foreign language like English
coated with sugar, then the job is made easy  throughnative literatures is as simple a process as
Same is the case with Teaching of English using nativewearing foreign -styled dress materials by native
language and translations.people. Student can easily digest what they have been
Our students had better be introduced other familyfamiliar with. 
Relatives such as English only from the Parent“Appropriate” contextual support 
–Native   Literature ,Here I deliberately use the word “appropriate”
Methodology because I have chosen the vocabulary understandable
I just observe students with a syllabus containingto even below average students in the class ,to teach
mostly materials from Local literature and with certainEnglish through stories taken from local literatures.
dose of Translations from local literature. They haveWhen I teach English vocabulary, this method comes in
enriched their vocabulary considerably.handy. Students have the twin benefit of firstly enjoy
Similarly those students who have different set up ofthe stories and literature which they know already but
syllabus with very little exposure to  native literaturesin a different medium and they also learn English
and translations or  thereof , though subject wiseunwittingly. 
smart score poorly when it comes to English and alsoUsing Translations for the Teaching of English 
their vocabulary range is.very limited. Using Translations of native literatures as a tool to
Use of the Bhaghawat Geetha to Teach English: teach English involves minimum effort with maximum
1.  I have used the Hindu scripture the Bhagawatresults. Of course there are certain things to be taken
Geetha abound in Lord Krishna's wise counsels tocare of in this method. As far as possible the teacher
mankind ,  to teach English. It has permanent impactshould use a vocabulary that is within the range of
on the minds of callow, young students bothstudents' comprehending capacity. Native literature
linguistically and Anglically. Some of the verses aremainly revolves around a culture which is quite
simply jugglery of words. “ I am in everything and Inindigenous. In a diversified culture there are certain
everything am I” “ He who sees me interms for  which we cannot find equivalents in English.
everything and in everything myself, is a real sage”On such occasions the English Teacher can give
“ He who sees action in inaction and inaction inallowance to the students to clear their doubts when
Action, is a real sage”. These quotations taken fromthey don't understand a particular expression or
the original native literature is really useful in theexpressions. As far as possible the English teacher
teaching of English vocabulary with an alliterative style.can use one word substitutes and when this is not
Usually Lord Krihna is loved by students for hispossible the teacher can explain the concept in a clear
resourcefulness and cleverness and for the strategiesmanner.  
with which   he had  fought the eipic What are the stumbling blocks in this method 
Mahabharatha war. When their English learning centersThe teacher should judiciously select new dimensions,
round their ideal, role model hero, naturally theyapproaches and unknown anecdotes from an
become absorbed with the teaching. otherwise known native literature and translations
Stories from native literatures told in English: because certain students likely to develop boredom
 Stories create sort of interest in the minds of bothtowards what they know already. For example a
children and adults. The known and thought provokingteacher can start Adam and Eve and man's downfall
stories are told in English, students slowly pick upstory, which is known to every student, with a different
words from English and understand with their motherstart. The teacher can take a cue from the quotation 
tongue equivalents. In this method the teacher must be“ If knowledge can create problems, it is not with
fluent in both English and the native language.ignorance, we find solutions”. That the” tree of
Stories are told from childhood onwards to children byknowledge only is the cause of miseries” is a kids
their  mothers with warmth and affection. As such,play. 
when the same is used inside the class room in theUses  of different forms of Local literatures and
teaching of English, it is quite effective.translations in the teaching of English. 
Effective literature-based lessons engage learners andDifferent forms of native literature and translations
capture their interest. They make the  learnersserve different purposes. For example in the study
excited  when  they  understand  how language isconducted, it is found that to develop conversational
used to express an author's  expressions. Theyskill in English, translations of dramas and plays from
make learners active participants in tasks that leadLocal Literatures are very useful as they are mostly
them to discover objective language features andwritten in dialog forms. Devotional songs translated into
arrive at their own well-supported interpretations of aEnglish are approached by the students with as much
text. They teach learners that their own understandingveneration as they are read in the original lingua franca.
of a text is worthy of respect, if it is supported byWhen stories from Local literatures are used to teach
evidence from the text as narrated by the teacher inEnglish, students find words with their English equals
English. They are the springboards for creativeand thus slowly English Language becomes their
communicative post-reading activities. They makesecond nature. 
learners want to read further literary texts on theirConclusion:   
own.Would it be expedient to use  native literatures and
Such lesson outcomes do not happen by accident;translations thereof to teach English?
teachers must carefully plan for them. This article  is 1.  Yes it is a wise move and it helps students two
firmly based on the theoretical principles behind suchfold. Inculcating   values and moral practices
lessons, but it will focus most heavily on experientialaccording to the native culture in the students'  mind 
learning in a workshop format. So, participants will applyis the bye product apart from making them
the theory to create highly motivating lessons withconversant and  knowledgeable in English the main 
interesting stories that teach specific language featuresbenefit of this method. This method of teaching English
as a means of understanding poems, short stories etc.also gives lasting benefits to both students as well as
 English Teacher also learns in this Methodto the teacher.
1. When this teacher was teaching the local-legend