What Is Standard English?

The term English speaker is so broad few peoplefamiliarising themselves with Australian English
realize the extent of our language differences acrossbeforehand is going to benefit them in the long run.
the world. Whilst we all essentially speak one languageSimilarly, if someone has a British or American partner,
there are some variations both in grammar andthe same principle applies and if a student comes from
vocabulary, spelling and pronunciation.a European country like Sweden they are more likely
So does it really matter? Surely in today's world suchto be taught British English, due to its close proximity
differences only cause minor misunderstandings. Withand economic importance within that region.
the rise of Internet technologies and an ever growingHealthy competition amongst language teachers
global economy, does anyone actually speak a pureWhen I have managed language schools, it was
form of their own English anymore? Certainly in theapparent to me that there was often healthy
future, compromise may be the key. Who knows, incompetition between teachers of different nationalities,
the future we may well see a world standard ofregarding the quality or importance of their particular
English!standard of English. Some of them were very
Many English speakers have found Americanismsprotective, as each variety has its own special identity.
slowly creeping into their language, (particularly in BritishAs the renowned linguist David Crystal states, in his
English), causing a hotch potch of styles. Certainly,Encyclopaedia of the English Language (p310), "Each
English may be the international language ofcountry where English is a first language is aware of
communication - but which kind?its linguistic identity, and is anxious to preserve it from
Indeed, many students don't realise that they actuallythe influence of others. New Zealanders don't want to
regularly mix standards of English. Take a typicalbe Australians, Canadians don't want to be Americans,
essay sentence:and Americanism is perceived as a danger signal by
She emerged from the elevator in the computer shopusage guardians everywhere"
and went to make an inquiry regarding the despatchLanguage schools abroad may favour one particular
of her colour monitor. (American, British, American,standard of English over another (usually based on its
British, British)geography or appropriacy), and therefore sometimes,
He opened the boot and took out the grey garbageunderstandably, give preference to that particular
bag, and then parked his car in the lot. (British, British,nationality of teacher.
American, American)Personally though, I like to keep an open mind, as there
Such a mix of varieties would be enough to make acan also be advantages for both students and
traditional English teacher's hair go white, but is it so farteachers. Students get to be exposed to more
from reality?varieties of English, providing them with a more well
Which is better?rounded education and improving their listening
As a teacher, a favourite question continually asked bycomprehension by exposing them to different global
my students is "Which is better American or Britishaccents. Teachers are also made aware of the
English?" My answer is always the same, "It depends!"differences in varieties, increasing their own knowledge
These days, we can also add the Australian variety,base.
as where I live in Asia, learners are exposed to moreProvided teachers teach what is in the course book
Australian English than in other parts of the world andand do not interfere with the main objectives of the
are more likely to study there than in the States or thecourse, does it really hurt to explain to a student the
UK. Although admittedly the difference betweendifferences between rubbish and garbage for
Australian and British English is very small and mainlyexample, or that lay-by in Australia is the equivalent to
vocabulary based.hire purchase in the UK, when they come across that
Certainly in academic terms we would be expected toparticular word the book?
choose one type of English over another forThe Standards of English
consistency, and a school curriculum will favour aIt is interesting to note how many regional standards of
particular standard, whatever that may be.English there actually are, if we take into account
With so many varieties of English, course book writersEnglish spoken as both a first and second language.
and publishers are in somewhat of a conundrum as1. British and Irish
there has to be a particular standard of English which2. American
should be followed throughout the book. Consequently,3. Canadian
commercially produced course books from leading4. Australian, New Zealand & South Pacific
ELT publishers often feature both British and American5. Caribbean
varieties in the same series. e.g. Headway and6. West, East and South African (Nigeria, Ghana,
American Headway.Kenya,)
So what factors can influence whether foreign7. South Asian (India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal,
learners are better off learning a particular standard ofBangladesh)
English? Put simply, excluding any demands that the8. East Asian (Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, Hong
curriculum might make, it depends on what is moreKong)
appropriate; taking into account their current and futureRef: The Circle of World English, p111, Cambridge
academic, employment or social needs and theirEncyclopedia of the English Language, David Crystal
geographical location.(Cambridge University Press 1995)
If someone is working for a US owned company orIn conclusion, it is worth noting that when all said and
one whose client base is predominantly American thendone, EFL teachers and linguists will continue to debate
the company will probably require American English inon this emotive subject. However, the (minor?)
its written communication. Similarly if you are studyingdifferences between our varieties of English should be
to be a tour guide in an area frequented by Britishput into perspective; we all speak the same (but
tourists, it makes sense to concentrate on thatdifferent) language after all!
standard. If a learner is going to study in Australia then