Wing Chun Wisdom from Lo Man Kam

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Interview conducted by Bradley Temple and JohnYip Man said that just because you are good at wing
Kangchun doesn’t mean you can teach. If your
Sifu Lo Man-Kam is the nephew of wing chunstudents are good at wing chun, then that is testimony
grandmaster Yip Man, and the only student of theto your teaching skill! You might be a champion fighter,
grandmaster teaching in Taiwan. He recently tookbut if your students are bad, that shows you are a
some time to discuss what makes a good student,bad teacher. If a student has a good teacher, he will
and what to look for in a good teacher—a dialogueleave the school better than the teacher. Some people
done with the hope of passing some of his wisdomthink that the student can never be better than his
onto the wing chun world. Those interested inteacher. But if the teacher shows the student
contacting sifu Lo Man-Kam about studying in Taiwan,everything, and the student continues on his own, of
or for questions about wing chun in general, can writecourse he will have both his teacher’s skill and
him at 4F, No. 31, Alley 51, Lane 12, Pa-teh Rd., Sec. 3his own. I hope that someday, all of my students
Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.surpass me.
INSIDE KUNG-FU: Could you first tell us a little aboutIKF: What is your approach to teaching?
your personal background?LMK: I use my own feeling, and push the student along.
LO MAN-KAM: Yip Man was my maternal uncle.I must test his feeling, to see if it is good or bad. After
When I was very young in Mainland China, my motherthe siu nin tao, I start with single sticky hands, and then
told me many stories about Yip Man, so I alreadymove to double sticky hands, passing the correct
knew he was very good at kung-fu. At that timefeeling step by step. There is no set time frame for
though, he only taught a few good friends, and neverthis instruction: some students move faster than others.
considered teaching young people. Therefore, neitherBeing a teacher is like being a gardener— you must
Yip Man’s own sons nor I had a chance torend to the flowers to make sure they blossom. And
learn from him. However, in 1950, after The Nationalistsome flowers take longer than others because of soil,
Party fled to Taiwan, Yip Man immigrated to Honglighting, water... the teacher must regulate factors such
Kong. It was there that he first started teaching wingas the student’s own feeling, his frame of
chun for a living, and I had the opportunity to learn,thought, his physical strengths and limitations.
starting from the age of 18.Some students want to rush the process, but they can
There were not many students in the first class. Leungonly absorb so much! It is like drowning a plant with
Sheung and Lok Yiu were the first two students, and Iwater. Once, a rich man came to me and asked me
was the third. Leung Sheung passed away manyto teach him the wooden dummy form. He said he
years ago, so now, only Lok Yiu and I remain from thewould pay me NT $200,000 (U.S. $8,000). I refused,
original class. Though I was not in Hong Kong at theand he offered me NT $500,000 (U.S. $20,000). When I
time, Yip Man’s sons came to Hong Kongonce again refused him, he asked why. I said, “If I
around 1960. The classes had gradually become biggerteach you the wooden dummy form, I will be stealing
and bigger.your money. You don’t know what the dummy
IKF: What did your training entail?really means; you would just be moving your arms, but
LMK: When I first started in 1950, the night classes ranyou wouldn’t be able to apply the
from about 8-10 p.m. Sometimes, we would stand inmovement.” People must learn step by step. This is
the high horse stance for 20 minutes. Yip Man wouldthe way I teach.
walk by, and check your stances by suddenly pushingIKF: What is your method of teaching sticky hands?
you. If your feet moved, he would make you do it allLMK: I think sticky hands is the most important part of
over again. Once we passed this stage, we had towing chun. Without it, you just have techniques, but you
stand in a single-leg stance. And once again, he woulddon’t know the when and why of using them.
push your body or kick your leg to make sure youWhen I am doing chi sao with a student, I will always
were stable.give him an opening. If he doesn’t find it, I must
After holding the stance, we would go through the siutell him that he had an opportunity which he did not
nm tao, very slowly. Again, Yip Man would always testtake. I will tell him what technique works best for a
your hand positions to make sure they were strong,given situation, or tell them if they are “chasing”
pushing the wu sao back, or pulling the tan sao down.hands. Some people say that the teacher must
So in these stages, we learned not only fromalways do his best against the student. But this way,
watching, listening, and imitating, but from these randomthe student will never get the correct feeling. The
tests as well. Yip Man thought, no one will ever tell you,teacher must give the student a chance! Maybe the
“I’m going to use my left fist to punch thestudent might hit the teacher, and onlookers will say
right side of your stomach;” everything is random, sothat the teacher’s kung-fu is bad. No! He is
your kung-fu must be “live” so as to adapt togiving the student a chance! He is not my enemy, he is
ever-changing situations.my student! Yip Man always gave his students an
From the form, we moved into single sticky hands,opening.
then lap-sao, repeating the sequence over and overI was told that at some school in Europe, the student
again. Then of course, we would do sticky hands.must sign a contract, and if there is any contact, the
Each person has a different feeling, so we wouldstudent must say, “Yes, thank you sifu;” or
work with each person in the class. We would keep“Yes, sorry sifu.” The sifu is scared that the
going until we were tired; if you stopped to read astudent is better than him, so he beats him to scare
newspaper or goof off, someone would pull you overaway any potential questions the sifu can’t
to do chi sao. Yip Man would always be there, tellinganswer. This kind of kungfu and the sifu who teaches
us which technique was best for a given situation; ifit are bad. If it was good, why does he need a
your partner was tall, you should use this technique, ifcontract? His student asks him how to use a particular
he was short, use that technique.technique, and “bam, bam, bam” (simulates hitting
IKF: What did you do outside class to learn wing chun?the student); then the student will be too scared to ask
LMK: At that time in Hong Kong, food was very cheap,any more questions. Everything is, “Yes, sifu.”
1 HK dollar could buy snacks for six people. So afterEven if the sifu knows nothing, if you don’t ask
class, all the students would get together and buyquestions, you will always think he is great.
some rice soup or fruit and talk about what we hadIKF: So the sifu is worried he will lose face?
learned that day. Yip Man would always come with us,LMK: What is face? If my students are no good, that is
and answer any questions we had, or tell us wherebad face; if they are good, that is good face.
we could have done better, or give us some insight toIKF: Some people say Yip Man taught them secret,
ponder. So we students had a great sense ofclosed-door techniques.
camaraderie at that time, and great respect for ourLMK: I don’t think Yip Man kept any secret
teacher.techniques. Why didn’t he show me? Why
IKF: What was your relation to Bruce Lee?didn’t he show his sons? Yip Man didn’t
LMK: He learned from Yip Man in Kowloon. He did notteach his own son, but taught you? (laughs) Yip Man
study for a long time, because he later immigrated tohad private students, but I don’t think he taught
America. Of course, I did sticky hands with him. His skillthem anything he didn’t show anyone else.
at sticky hands was not exactly great, but he hadI always teach openly. If you have a question for me, I
excellent feeling. His shoulders, elbows, and arms werewill give you an answer. Maybe I don’t have
very soft, and his angles were good.time today, but tomorrow I will answer. Maybe some
IKF: What brought you to Taiwan?people think that after class, I just go to bed. Of course
LMK: I came to Taiwan about 30 years ago to enroll inat night, I will think about the question. Because you are
military school, after which I worked in themy student, and want my help, I will help you! All my
Taiwan’s equivalent of the CIA for ten years. Instudents are like my children. Even with my own son, I
1975, after reaching the rank of major, I retired fromwill tell him when he is right or wrong, even in front of
the army and opened my own wing chun school.other students. Why should I keep any secrets? It is
IKF: Are you still doing anything for the public?better to have 20 good students teaching abroad than
LMK: One of my original students was a police officer,to have one old man in Taiwan! (laughs) This is my
and he told his precinct chief that I was a goodway. In my class, there is no first, second, or third place.
teacher. They asked me to give a speech, andEveryone is the same, though some move quickly,
apparently were impressed. Through this introduction, Iothers slowly.
was later invited to teach martial arts to the policeIKF: Do you have any last words, advice for students?
special forces—similar to the FBI of America. I wroteLMK: When doing sticky hands, do your techniques
a book called, The Martial Art of the Police for them. Itquickly, but don’t hurry. This means depending
is like a text book, dealing with kung-fu, though not wingon your feeling to find an opening, not using your speed
chun in particular.to force one. Quickly means going to college, getting
IKF: How do you think Yip Man influenced your way ofan education, and finding a good job. Hurrying means
teaching?robbing a bank. If you hurry with your techniques, you
LMK: In Hong Kong, Yip Man had many classes, andwill not learn anything. In the end, you will have nothing.
sometimes, Leung Sheung, Lok Yiu, and I had a chanceFurthermore, you must remember that chi sao is not a
to teach some of these classes. Yip Man taught usfreefight, not sparring. In a freefight, you hit my chin, I hit
how to teach. He placed great importance on chi sao.your chin; you break my nose, I break your nose.
Kung-fu is like a sport, a dead thing. You can performThere is no winner or loser when both of you are
a tan sao, or bong sao, but these mean nothing unlessmissing teeth! Free chi sao, however, is with two
they can be executed based on feeling. How youfriends, who want to learn from each other. You stop
learn to use these depends on your teacher. Maybe ahere (he punches at a student but stops before
woodworker can carve a bird. He can give you themaking contact) because you are afraid to hurt your
carving, or he can teach you how to use a knife. Andpartner, and he does the same because he is afraid to
of course, your carving will be different from his,hurt you.